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Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 271: F637-F644, 1996;
0363-6127/96 $5.00
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AJP - Renal Physiology, Vol 271, Issue 3 637-F644, Copyright © 1996 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Regulation of extracellular calcium sensing in rat osteoclasts by femtomolar calcitonin concentrations

M. Zaidi, V. S. Shankar, O. A. Adebanjo, F. A. Lai, M. Pazianas, G. Sunavala, A. I. Spielman and B. R. Rifkin
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA.

Certain eukaryotic cells can sense changes in their extracellular Ca2+ concentration through molecular structures termed Ca(2+)-sensing receptors (CaRs). We have shown recently that in the bone-resorbing osteoclast, a unique cell surface-expressed ryanodine receptor (RyR), functions as the CaR. The present study demonstrates that the sensitivity of this receptor is modulated by physiological femtomolar concentrations of the bone-conserving hormone, calcitonin. Calcitonin was found to inhibit cytosolic Ca2+ responses to both Ca2+ and Ni2+. The latter inhibition was mimicked by amylin (10(-12) M), calcitonin gene-related peptide (10(-12) M), cholera toxin (5 micrograms/l) and dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) (2.5 x 10(-4) or 5 x 10(-4) M) and was reversed by the protein kinase A phosphorylation inhibitor, IP-20. Finally, using a quench flow module, we showed that cellular cAMP levels rise to a peak within 25 ms of calcitonin application; this is consistent with the peptide's rapid effect on CaR activation. We conclude, therefore, that cAMP plays a critical role in the control of CaR function by calcitonin.


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