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Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 277: F501-F505, 1999;
0363-6127/99 $5.00
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Vol. 277, Issue 4, F501-F505, October 1999

BRIEF REVIEW
Glutamate transport and renal function

Tomas C. Welbourne1 and James C. Matthews2

1 Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Medical Center, Shreveport, Louisiana 71130; and 2 Department of Animal Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546

Brush border gamma -glutamyltransferase-glutaminase activity and the high-affinity glutamate transporter EAAC1 function as a unit in generating and transporting extracellular glutamate into proximal tubules as a signal that modulates intracellular glutamine/glutamate metabolism, paracellular permeability, and urinary acidification. The reported presence of a second glutamate transporter, GLT1, on the antiluminal tubule surface points to specific functional roles for each subtype in physiological and pathophysiological processes.

gamma -glutamyltransferase; EAAC1; GLT1; D-glutamate; phosphate-dependent glutaminase; paracellular permeability; urinary acidification


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