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1 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021; and 2 Laboratory of Kidney and Electrolyte Metabolism, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
The role of epithelial Na channels in the response of the
kidney to short-term Na deprivation was studied in rats. Animals were
fed either a control-Na (3.9 g/kg) or a low-Na ( 3.8 mg/kg) diet for
15 h. Urinary excretion of Na (µmol/min), measured in conscious
animals in metabolic cages, was 0.45 ± 0.07 in controls and
0.04 ± 0.01 in Na-deprived animals. Glomerular filtration rate,
measured as the clearance of creatinine, was unaffected by the change
in diet, suggesting that the reduced Na excretion was the result of
increased Na reabsorption. K excretion (µmol/min), increased after
the 15-h period of Na deprivation from 0.70 ± 0.10 to 1.86 ± 0.19. Thus the decrease in urine Na was compensated for, in terms of
electrical charge balance, by an increase in urine K. Plasma
aldosterone increased from 0.50 ± 0.08 to 1.22 ± 0.22 nM.
Principal cells from cortical collecting tubules isolated from the
animals were studied by using the patch-clamp technique. Whole cell
amiloride-sensitive currents were negligible in the control group
(5 ± 4 pA/cell) but substantial in the Na-deprived group
(140 ± 28 pA/cell). The abundance of the epithelial Na channel subunits, 
, 
, and 
in the kidney was estimated by using
immunoblots. There was no change in the overall abundance of any of the
subunits after the 15-h Na deprivation. However, the apparent molecular mass of a fraction of the -subunits decreased as was previously reported for long-term Na deprivation. Calculations of the rate of Na
transport mediated by the Na channels indicated that activation of the
channels during short-term Na deprivation could account in large part
for the increased Na reabsorption under these conditions.
cortical collecting tubule; epithelial sodium channel; aldosterone; sodium transport; potassium transport
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